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Washington, D.C., District of Columbia / History

Old City Hall

A National Historic Landmark at Judiciary Square, this imposing stone structure evolved from a 1849 brick city hall into the current home of the District of Columbia Court of Appeals.

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Old City Hall
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What is Old City Hall known for?

Old City Hall is a National Historic Landmark, designated as such in 1960, and was listed in the National Register of Historic Places in 1966.

Where is Old City Hall located?

It is located at 451 Indiana Avenue NW in downtown Washington, D.C., facing Indiana Avenue at Judiciary Square.

What is the building used for today?

The building currently houses the District of Columbia Court of Appeals and was rededicated for this purpose on June 17, 2009.

What is the history of the building's architecture?

Completed in 1849 as a stucco-covered brick structure, the building underwent a major renovation between 1916 and 1918. This renovation rebuilt the exterior in stone and retained only 25% of the original structure.

What should I check before going?

Use Gyde for context, then check official sources for current hours, tickets, construction, and closures.

What to know

Standing prominently at 451 Indiana Avenue NW, Old City Hall is a cornerstone of downtown Washington, D.C. The site's history began with a stucco-covered brick structure that reached completion in 1849. This early building served as the city's administrative heart before the federal government purchased the property in 1863 to provide a home for the Supreme Court of the District of Columbia. The building's current appearance is the result of a transformative period between 1916 and 1918. During these major renovations, architects reconstructed the exterior in stone and completely redid the interior. This overhaul was so extensive that only 25% of the original 1849 structure was retained, creating the stately facade visitors see today. Recognized for its enduring architectural and civic importance, the building was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1960 and subsequently listed in the National Register of Historic Places in 1966. These designations protect one of the few remaining remnants of the city's early municipal architecture. In more recent history, the building transitioned back to a focused judicial role. On June 17, 2009, the structure was rededicated as the official home of the District of Columbia Court of Appeals, ensuring its continued use as a center of legal authority in the capital.

Visitor tips

  • View the building from the sidewalk of Indiana Avenue to appreciate the stone masonry from the 1916-1918 renovation.
  • Visit during a weekday morning to see the building in its current capacity as a functioning court of appeals.
  • Wear comfortable walking shoes, as the building is located in the pedestrian-friendly Judiciary Square area.

Nearby context

Old City Hall is located at Judiciary Square in downtown Washington, D.C., facing Indiana Avenue. This area is a hub of legal and governmental activity, placing the historic landmark in the center of the city's judicial district.

Sources

Evidence and links